OECD Publication: Governing with Artificial Intelligence: OECD’s Roadmap for Smarter Public Services

Published: September 18, 2025

Source: OECD

The OECD’s latest report explores how governments are deploying AI across public functions, including tax administration. With over 200 use cases analyzed, it offers a blueprint for responsible, scalable AI integration.

VAT & AI: Emerging Opportunities and Challenges

While the report doesn’t focus exclusively on VAT, it highlights several areas where AI can enhance VAT administration:

• Fraud Detection: AI is increasingly used to identify anomalies in VAT filings, flagging suspicious refund claims and carousel fraud patterns.
• Real-Time Compliance: AI-powered systems can support e-invoicing and real-time transaction monitoring, helping tax authorities enforce VAT rules more effectively.
• Personalized Guidance: Virtual assistants can help businesses navigate complex VAT obligations, especially in cross-border scenarios.

However, the OECD cautions that legal and regulatory complexities—especially around data governance and privacy—may slow the adoption of advanced AI tools in VAT enforcement.

Key Takeaways

• Governments are using AI for automation, forecasting, and decision support across sectors.
• Tax administrations are cautiously adopting AI, with emphasis on fraud detection and administrative support.
• VAT-specific applications are emerging, but require careful handling of sensitive data and regulatory alignment.

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